Hip resurfacing surgery is a joint-preserving procedure that involves reshaping the damaged surfaces of the hip joint rather than replacing it entirely. During the surgery, the damaged bone and cartilage of the hip joint are removed and replaced with a metal cap or shell that covers the femoral head, and a metal socket is fitted into the acetabulum (the hip socket). This procedure is intended to preserve more of the patient's natural bone compared to traditional hip replacement and can be an option for younger, more active patients with hip arthritis or avascular necrosis. The primary cause for opting for hip resurfacing surgery is to alleviate severe hip pain and improve joint function while maintaining a greater proportion of the patient's original bone structure. It is particularly suitable for younger patients who may be at higher risk of implant wear and the need for future revisions with conventional hip replacement.
Despite its benefits, hip resurfacing surgery carries potential complications. Common risks include infection at the surgical site, blood clots, and dislocation of the artificial components. Patients may experience postoperative pain, swelling, or stiffness, and there is a risk of adverse reactions to the metal implants, such as metal ion release leading to systemic effects or local reactions. Long-term complications can include implant loosening, wear, or fracture of the femoral neck. While hip resurfacing can be advantageous for certain patients, it requires careful consideration of the potential risks and benefits and may not be suitable for all individuals with hip joint issues.
